Google Ads From Scratch
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Introductory course Β· 15 lessons

Google Ads From Scratch

A visual guide to get started with zero prior knowledge: diagrams, simulators and examples to help you understand how the auction works, what campaign types exist, and how an account is structured.

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Person analyzing campaign data on a laptop
01

What Google Ads is and how you pay for it

β–Έ

Google Ads is Google's advertising platform. It lets you show ads in search results, on YouTube, in Gmail, and across thousands of partner websites. You don't pay to appear: you pay for the result you choose, almost always per click (CPC).

Laptop showing a campaign metrics dashboard
Ad
E
Example Clinic www.exampleclinic.com
Dental Implants in Madrid β€” Free First Visit
Flexible financing. Over 20 years of experience. Book your appointment online.
Ad
A
Another Example Clinic www.anotherexampleclinic.com
Dental Implant from €690 β€” Certified Clinic
Free, no-obligation assessment and quote. Based in central Madrid.
O
oralhealth-example.org www.oralhealth-example.org
What dental implants are and how long they last
Unpaid result: it appears due to content relevance, not because of a bid.
D
dental-guide-example.com www.dental-guide-example.com
Types of dental implants: the complete guide
Organic result. Nobody paid for this position.

Results labeled Ad are paid; the rest are organic. That label is the only visible difference, but how you earn that position is very different β€” we'll look at that in lesson 2.

02

The auction: what Ad Rank is

β–Έ

Every search triggers an auction among the advertisers bidding on that keyword. The best Ad Rank wins β€” not whoever offers the most money:

Ad Rank β‰ˆ Max bid Γ— Quality Score
(Google also factors in the expected impact of extensions and ad format, but bid and quality are the basis for understanding it.)

Try moving the controls and watch the bars β€” they represent each Ad Rank to scale:

Auction simulator β€” two bidders

Your ad

Ad Rank β€”

Competitor

Ad Rank β€”
β€”
Adjust the values to see who wins the auction and how much the winner would actually pay per click.

The actual cost per click is usually lower than your max bid: Google charges the minimum amount needed to beat the next competitor. That's why high quality doesn't just help you win more auctions β€” it also lowers the cost of your own click.

03

Campaign types

β–Έ

Google Ads isn't a single format: choosing the right campaign type is the first strategic decision.

Search

Google search results, text-based

Appears when someone is already searching for what you offer. High purchase intent.

Display

Partner websites and apps, banner ads

Ideal for building brand awareness or "following" people who already visited your website.

Shopping

Listings with photo and price

Designed for physical product catalogs, with image and price clearly shown.

Video

YouTube

For telling a story or building brand awareness.

Performance Max

All networks at once

The automated system distributes your budget across formats for you.

To get started: almost every beginner should master Search first. It's the easiest to understand and measure, because the user has already expressed intent through their own search.
04

How an account is organized

β–Έ

Everything in Google Ads follows the same four-level hierarchy, from the most general to the most specific:

AccountYour business: one payment method and shared access.
CampaignDefines the goal, the daily budget, and the geographic area.
Ad groupGroups together keywords that share a common theme.
Ads and keywordsThe actual ad copy and the terms you bid on.
The tighter the theme of each ad group, the more relevant your ad will look against those keywords β€” and that directly improves your Quality Score (lessons 2 and 6).
05

Keywords and match types

β–Έ

Keywords are the terms you want to appear for. The "match type" decides how far a user's actual search can stray from the word you wrote β€” the broader it is, the more reach you get but the less control:

Broaddental autoclave β€” maximum reach, minimum control
Phrase"dental autoclave" β€” that full phrase must appear
Exact[dental autoclave] β€” only that search or very close variations
Match typeHow it's writtenExample search that would trigger the ad
Broaddental autoclave"sterilizer for dental clinic"
Phrase"dental autoclave""class B dental autoclave price"
Exact[dental autoclave]"dental autoclave"

There are also negative keywords: terms you do NOT want to pay for. If you sell professional equipment to clinics, a typical negative would be "free" or "course," to avoid paying for clicks from people who aren't going to buy.

06

Quality Score, in detail

β–Έ

The Quality Score (1 to 10) we used in the lesson 2 simulator is calculated from three signals Google estimates. This example shows a real, common case: two signals are high, one is dragging the score down:

High Expected CTR
Medium Ad relevance
Low Landing page experience
Why it matters: even if your ad is very appealing (high CTR) and fairly relevant, a slow or poorly related landing page drags your overall Quality Score down β€” and that makes your CPC more expensive, as you saw in the simulator.
07

Bidding and budget strategies

β–Έ

You can set the bid yourself (manual CPC) or let the system adjust it automatically toward a goal:

Maximize clicksPrioritizes traffic volume within your available budget.
Target CPAOptimizes to get conversions at a specific average cost.
€
Target ROASOptimizes return on ad spend (revenue divided by spend).
Maximize conversionsPrioritizes the total number of conversions, without setting a target cost.
Automated strategies need prior conversion data to work well. As a beginner, starting with manual CPC or "Maximize clicks" helps you understand campaign behavior before handing it over to the algorithm.
08

The metrics that actually matter

β–Έ

All your metrics fit into a single funnel. This example shows a real, modestly-sized campaign:

Impressions
10,000
CTR 3%
Clicks
300
Conversion rate 5%
Conversions
15
MetricWhat it measuresFormula
CTRHow appealing your ad isClicks Γ· Impressions
CPCAverage cost of each clickCost Γ· Clicks
Conversion rateHow well your website converts visitsConversions Γ· Clicks
CPACost of getting one conversionCost Γ· Conversions
ROASReturn on ad spendRevenue Γ· Cost
A high CTR with no conversions usually means the ad is promising something the page doesn't deliver. A low CPC with no conversions isn't a win: always check your CPA, not just the cost per click.
09

Ready to launch your first campaign

β–Έ

Minimum checklist before turning on your first Search campaign:

Define one single clear goal (calls, form submissions, online sales).
Choose 10-15 very specific keywords, grouped by theme.
Add obvious negative keywords from day one.
Write at least 2 ads per group so you can compare which one performs better.
Turn on basic extensions: call, location, and sitelinks.
€Set a daily budget you can sustain for at least 2-3 weeks without touching it.
Check that the landing page loads fast and matches what the ad promises.
Golden rule: don't judge results in the first few days. The algorithm needs real clicks and conversions before it can start optimizing.
10

Conversion tracking

β–Έ

Without this, Google Ads only sees clicks: it has no idea which ads actually generate results. Conversion tracking connects a click to whatever happened afterward β€” a call, a form, or a purchase.

Click on the ad
Visits your website
Takes the action (form, call, purchase)
The signal goes back to Google Ads

The most common conversion types:

  • Form submission β€” someone requests information or a quote.
  • Phone call β€” from the ad or from the website, using a tracking number.
  • Online purchase β€” for stores with a shopping cart.
  • Custom event β€” any action you define as valuable, like booking an appointment.
Without this, there's no real optimization: the automated bidding strategies from lesson 7 (Target CPA, Target ROAS) can't work without conversion data. It's the foundation everything else depends on.
11

Ad extensions

β–Έ

Extensions add extra information to your ad at no direct additional cost β€” and as we saw in lesson 2, they also affect your Ad Rank. There's no reason not to turn them on.

Without extensions
E
Example Clinic www.exampleclinic.com
Dental Implants in Madrid
Flexible financing. Book your appointment online.
With extensions
E
Example Clinic www.exampleclinic.com
Dental Implants in Madrid β€” Free First Visit
Flexible financing. Over 20 years of experience.
912 345 678
SitelinksExtra links to specific pages, like "Pricing" or "Contact."
CallShows a clickable button or phone number directly in the ad.
LocationPhysical address and map β€” key for businesses with a physical store or clinic.
CalloutsShort phrases with no link of their own, like "Free shipping" or "24/7 support."
12

Remarketing and audiences

β–Έ

Remarketing shows your ads again to people who already visited your website but didn't convert. It's usually cheaper and more profitable than acquiring new traffic, because they already know you.

Visits your website
Leaves without converting
Sees your ad again somewhere else

Common audience types in Google Ads:

  • Remarketing β€” reaches people who already visited your website without converting.
  • In-market segments β€” people actively researching products or services similar to yours, even if they don't know you yet.
  • Custom segments β€” you define the interests or searches your ideal customer should have.
  • Customer lists β€” you upload your own contact base to reach them again.
Careful with personal data: using your own customer lists requires that you've already obtained proper consent from those people for that use, in line with applicable data protection regulations.
13

The Google Ads interface

β–Έ

Before jumping into the real platform, it helps to know where everything is. The left-hand sidebar is your starting point in any account:

Campaigns
Ad groups
Ads & assets
Keywords
Audiences
Reports
Settings
312
Clicks (30 days)
4.2%
CTR
18
Conversions

What you'll find in each section:

  • Campaigns β€” an overview of results plus settings for goal, budget, and location.
  • Keywords β€” includes the search terms report, the best source for finding new negatives (see the common mistakes section).
  • Ads & assets β€” this is what the extensions from lesson 11 are now called inside the interface.
  • Reports β€” pre-built and custom dashboards for tracking performance over time.
14

How to write good ads

β–Έ

A Responsive Search Ad (RSA) supports up to 15 headlines of 30 characters and 4 descriptions of 90 characters. Google automatically combines the versions that perform best β€” but only if you give it good raw material.

  • Include your main keyword in at least one headline.
  • Add a specific benefit, not a generic one ("24-month financing" instead of "The best prices").
  • Include a clear call to action: "Book an appointment," "Request a quote."
  • Don't repeat the same idea across several headlines β€” give Google genuinely different options to work with.

Try it yourself β€” write your own ad and watch the character limit in real time:

Ad preview
Ad
E
Example Clinic www.exampleclinic.com
Dental Implants in Madrid | Free First Visit
Flexible financing. Over 20 years of experience. Book your appointment online today.
15

Scheduling and targeting

β–Έ

Not all traffic is worth the same. You can fine-tune when, where, and on what device your ad shows up:

  • Location β€” choose a radius or specific cities; exclude areas where you don't operate.
  • Devices β€” adjust your bid if one device converts worse than another.
  • Ad scheduling β€” show the ad only during hours when you can respond, especially if your conversion is a phone call.

Example: a clinic that only takes calls from 9am to 8pm on weekdays, and Saturday mornings:

MTWTFSS Morning Afternoon Night
Why it matters: showing your ad outside business hours means paying for clicks from people who won't get a response β€” and that tanks your conversion rate for no reason.

Simulator: build your own campaign

Bring together everything you've learned in one exercise. Fill in each block as if it were a real campaign, and at the end get a score showing what's missing before you actually launch it.

1 Β· Goal and campaign type

2 Β· Keywords

3 Β· Ad

Preview
Ad
Y
Your business www.your-business.com
Your headline will appear here
Your description will appear here.

4 Β· Extensions

€5 Β· Bid, budget and tracking

Common beginner mistakes

The same mistakes show up again and again in new accounts. Avoid them from day one.

Not adding negative keywords from day oneYour budget gets wasted on irrelevant searches that were never going to convert.
Using a single ad per groupWithout comparing variants, you don't know which message works best; use at least two.
Changing the campaign from one day to the nextThe algorithm needs one or two weeks of stable data before it can really learn.
Sending all traffic to the homepageA dedicated landing page for each ad group converts far better than the generic homepage.
Launching the campaign without conversion trackingWithout this, you can't know what's actually working, or use automated bidding (lesson 10).
Setting the daily budget equal to the max bidThe campaign has no room left to compete in more than one auction per day.
Ignoring the search terms reportThat's literally where you see what people typed before your ad showed up β€” the best source of new negatives.

Case study: build your campaign step by step

Everything above, applied in order to a real example: a dental clinic that wants to generate calls for implants.

1
Define the goalGet calls booking a first visit, not just website visits.
Lesson 10
2
Choose the campaign typeSearch, because it responds to intent the user has already expressed.
Lesson 3
3
Research and group keywords"dental implants madrid" in phrase match, grouped by theme.
Lesson 5
4
Add negatives from day one"free," "jobs," "course" β€” terms that aren't looking to buy.
Lesson 5 Β· Common mistakes
5
Write the adAt least two headlines with the main keyword and a specific benefit.
Lesson 14
6
Turn on extensionsCall, location, and sitelinks β€” at no extra cost.
Lesson 11
7
Set up call tracking as a conversionWithout this you won't know if the campaign is actually working.
Lesson 10
8
Set the daily budgetUsing the calculator, with enough margin to compete in several auctions a day.
Budget calculator
9
Adjust the scheduleOnly during hours when the clinic can take calls.
Lesson 15
10
Launch and waitOne or two weeks without touching anything, letting the algorithm learn.
Lesson 9

Quick budget calculator

Ties together what you learned in lesson 8: based on your budget and average CPC, estimate how many clicks and conversions you can expect.

From budget to expected results
β€”
Clicks / day
β€”
Clicks / month
β€”
Conversions / month
β€”
Resulting CPA

Quick glossary

Terms you'll see constantly inside the platform. Tap each card to see its definition.

Test yourself

Five questions to check whether the concepts have sunk in. Click "Show answer" after you've thought it through.

Final exam

Seventeen multiple-choice questions covering all 15 lessons. Submit the exam to see your score and review your mistakes β€” you can retake it as many times as you like.

Next steps

With this, you have enough of a foundation to launch and understand your first account. When you're ready to go deeper, these are the logical next topics:

Advanced Smart BiddingHow to give business context to automated bid learning (seasonality, per-product margins).
Google Analytics and multi-channel attributionUnderstanding what happens after the click and how credit gets split across multiple channels.
Product feeds and Merchant CenterThe technical foundation that Shopping and Performance Max campaigns need.
Scripts and automationAutomated rules and alerts for accounts with many campaigns.
Free certification: Google offers an official Google Ads certification at no cost through its training platform (Skillshop). Search for it directly to verify your level once you finish this course.